func isOrdered(typ Type) bool { return is(typ, IsOrdered) }
func Comparable(T Type) bool { return comparable(T, nil) } //
func comparable(T Type, seen map[Type]bool) bool {
if seen[T] {
return true
}
if seen == nil {
seen = make(map[Type]bool)
}
seen[T] = true
// If T is a type parameter not constrained by any type
// list (i.e., it's underlying type is the top type),
// T is comparable if it has the == method. Otherwise,
// the underlying type "wins". For instance
//
// interface{ comparable; type []byte }
//
// is not comparable because []byte is not comparable.
if t := asTypeParam(T); t != nil && optype(t) == theTop {
return t.Bound().IsComparable()
}
switch t := optype(T).(type) {
case *Basic:
// assume invalid types to be comparable
// to avoid follow-up errors
return t.kind != UntypedNil
case *Pointer, *Interface, *Chan:
return true
case *Struct:
for _, f := range t.fields {
if !comparable(f.typ, seen) {
return false
}
}
return true
case *Array:
return comparable(t.elem, seen)
case *Sum:
pred := func(t Type) bool {
return comparable(t, seen)
}
return t.is(pred)
case *TypeParam:
return t.Bound().IsComparable()
}
return false
}
可以发现 Function 类型不在 comparable 函数中的任何一个 case 中,因此它是不可比较的,而 struct 类型可比较的前提是其所有属性都是可比较类型。来看如下代码:
func typecheck() {
type User struct {
Name string
}
type People struct {
Name string
}
var u1, u2 User
// case 1: 相同类型,且类型可比较,无编译错误
if u1 == u2 {
// No compile error
}
// case 2: 不同类型,虽然两个类型都是可比较类型,但由于类型不同,相互之间无法比较
var p People
if u1 == p {
// Compile error: cannot compare u1 == p (mismatched types User and People) [MismatchedTypes]
}
// case 3: 相同类型,但函数类型不可比较,所以变量之间不可比较
var f1 func()
var f2 func()
if f1 == f2 {
// Compile error: cannot compare f1 == f2 (operator == not defined for func())
}
}
上例中 User 类型所有的属性都是可比较的,所以 u1 == u2 没有问题,而 u1 与 p 是不同的类型,所以无法比较。再看如下代码:
type User struct {
Name string
Age func() int
}
var u1, u2 User
if u1 == u2 {
// Compile error: cannot compare u1 == u2 (operator == not defuned for User) [UndefinedOp]
}
当我们给 User 添加一个函数字段时,类型检查器报告了编译错误,因为通过上面 comparable 方法可以发现,函数属性的加入让 User 变成不可比较的类型了,所以类型检查器会说== 操作符对该类型没有定义。